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' A. P. CREQUE. v GBRAMIO BOILER.

o, 491,083. Patented Feb. 7, 1893.

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L BB UE. 053mm BO ILBRJ No. 491,083. Patented Feb. 7-, 1393.

UNrrEo STATES PATENT GFFICE.

ALLEN P. CREQUE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CERAMIC BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,083, dated February '7, 1893.

Application filed January 5, 1885.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN P. CREQUE, New York, county and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Ceramic Boilers, of which the following description, in

ceramic boiler embodying my invention, the body being broken out to save space on the drawings.

Fig. 2, a view of the lower portion of the boiler and some of its connected parts below the dotted line 0c00. Fig. 3 an edge View and plan of the spanner. Fig. t is a side elevation of the key to engage and turn the spanner, the shank of the key being broken out to save space on the drawing. and

Fig. 5 a detail on an enlarged scale to be referred to.

In the manufacture of my improved boiler, a compound of clay, substantially such as employed in the manufacture of drain or sewer pipe, is forced under great pressure through a die as in the manufacture of sewer pipe, to thus form a tubular portion suitable for the body A of the boiler, and such body is set aside to partially dry. Molds preferably of plaster of paris are made having concavities shaped to correspond in outline with the shape desired for the ends I), c or the bottom and head of the boiler. These molds have clay substantially such as described packed into them by hand for a thickness equal to that desired for the bottom, or for the head. At the proper time, during the process of packing the clay into the mold, the clay has inserted into it one end of a wooden or other cylinder which acts as a pattern about which the clay is tamped or packed so that when the said cylinder is removed an annular recess and shoulder will be left in the said end, see Fig. 1 for the reception of the ends of the body A previously formed. The head a, and the bottom b, at their centers, are provided each with a circular hand-hole the inner walls of which at two opposite sides are provided Serial No. 152,083. (No model.)

bottom and head, water and some clay being used between the contiguous surfaces to form the connection, and so assembled a clay compound known as Albany slip-clay is added as at 5, and the parts are set aside to dry. Having been sufficiently dried, the assembled parts are put into an oven and baked to the consistency of what is known as biscuit. This done the biscuit is provided with a, coating of glazing or enamcling material, and the biscuit so treated is placed in a furnace to bake, the enameling coating at such timeincorporating itself with the biscuit and forming an enamel such as found upon the surface or face of what is known as porcelain enamel or fancy bricks.

The porcelain enamel as shown at e will cover the entire inner and preferably the entire outer surface of the boiler, and the boiler so made is capable of withstanding heat and 7 cold without breaking. I

The hand-holes in the head and bottom have to be provided with metallic fittings for the various pipes usedin the introduction and circulation of both cold and hot water. .In the drawings I have shown only one hand hole as provided with such fittings. The first part ofthe fitting to be applied is the threaded metal ring 4' out or slabbed away at two points as shown at 6, 6, Fig. 2, to thus lessen its diameter in one direction sufficiently to enable the said ring to be-inserted edgewise into the boiler through the hand-hole, the straight edges 6, 6, at such time passing through the grooves 2 one of which is shown in Fig. 1, and

both by dotted lines Fig. 2, andthereat'ter the said ring is tipped over into the seat 4 and turned one fourth around as in Fig.2, the

wider part of the flange of the ring in such position covering the said grooves. Next I introduce the spanner f through the hand hole and place its prongs 8, 8, so as to engage the edges 6, 6, of the ring r, and then the key composed of the handle g and shank g is inserted into the boiler through the opposite hand-hole and its squared head 10 is inserted in the socket 9. In this condition the sleeve or ring 71,, provided with two longitudinal ribs 71 and screw threaded at its upper and lower ends and having an annular flange h is inserted through the hand-hole with the ribs 77.2 in the grooves 2, and the inner end of the sleeve is placed in engagement with the thread of the ring r and then the key is turned to screw the ring down upon the sleeve and draw its flange h up against the bottom of the boiler into the recess 3 as in Fig. 1. The ring and sleeve constitute a bushing for the hand-hole and against the lower end of the sleeve is clamped or otherwise secured a multi-passage cover d substantially as described and claimed in my appli cation Serial No. 151,762 (see Patent No. 407,819 dated July 30, 1889,) and therefore not herein claimed, the said plate having tubular projections 01, d (1 &c with which may be connected in any usual manner the pipes to be employed with the boiler.

The body and ends are made of sufficient thickness to Withstand very considerable strain. The multi-passage cover is herein shown as held in place by a flanged screwnut or ring 92.

In this my invention it will be noticed that the head and bottom or ends are thicker than the sides to thereby add to the strength of the boiler. In case the pressure-is to be considerable I may provide the assembled body and ends at the interior of the boiler with a thin coating of slip-clay thereby rendering the boiler more impervious to water. To tighten the joint between the bushing and the end of the boiler about'the hand-hole I may employ any usual or suitable gaskets or packing or cement as indicated by the heavy line between the bushing and the edges of the handhole.

Both ends of the boiler have annular extensions t to enter the cylindrical body portion A and have shoulders 15 to meet the ends of the said body portion thus making a long surface for contact and materially strengthening the junction of the ends with the said body portion.

I claim 1. A boiler comprising a cylindrical body, a head and a bottom, each made of ceramic ware, the square ends of the body being fitted to grooves in the head and bottom, and united by plastic clay, and the whole enameled and baked, substantially as described.

2. A boiler provided at its end with a handhole, and grooved at 2, and a ring cut away at its sides to enter the boiler through the said grooves, combined with a threaded sleeve it having flange h, substantially as described.

3. A boiler provided at its end with a handhole, a ring 1' reduced in diameter to permit it to be inserted into the said boiler through the said hand hole, combined with a screw threaded sleeve provided with a flange, a multi-passage cover d, and with a threaded nut or ring it to engage the said sleeve and clamp the cover d thereto, substantially as described.

4. A boiler of ceramic ware comprising a cylindrical body, a head and a bottom, the said head and bottom being made with annular grooves to receive opposite ends of the body, and also having the annular interior extensions t, and the shoulders 25, the said body and head and bottom being united by plastic clay, and enameled and baked, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALLEN P. CREQUE. Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, J os. P. LIVERMORE. 

